Measuring your blood glucose levels is an important way to determine if you or your child have diabetes or are at risk of developing it. An endocrinologist may be consulted if the blood sugar levels are not high enough to put you in immediate danger. Insulin cannot be taken orally as enzymes in the stomach interfere with its action. Depending on the treatment plan, you may need to check and record your blood sugar level up to four times a day, or more if you are taking insulin.
Physical activity can help lower blood sugar by moving sugar to cells, where it is used as energy. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can be caused by too much insulin or other hormonal disorders or liver disease. It is measured by the percentage of blood sugar bound to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. Type 1 diabetes usually starts suddenly and is usually the reason for controlling blood sugar levels.
The best way to treat low blood sugar levels is with carbohydrates that can be quickly absorbed by the body, such as fruit juice or glucose tablets. People with type 2 diabetes who don't take insulin usually check their blood sugar level much less often. Insulin doses can be adjusted depending on meals, activity level, and blood sugar level. If the blood sugar level falls below the target range, it is known as low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
This blood test does not require fasting and shows the average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. A1C tests are better at showing how well your overall diabetes treatment plan is working than repeated daily blood sugar tests. Your blood sugar level can rise for many reasons, such as eating too much, being sick, or not taking enough glucose-lowering medications.
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