The A1C test is a reliable way to measure the average blood sugar level over the past two to three months. A result of 5.7% or lower is considered normal, while 5.7 to 6.4% indicates prediabetes and 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. To get an accurate reading, you will need to fast (not eat) the night before the test and have your blood drawn. People with type 2 diabetes who don't take insulin usually check their blood sugar level less often.
A glucose meter is used to take a small blood sample, usually from the tip of your finger, and measure the amount of glucose it contains. Depending on your treatment plan, you can check and record your blood sugar level up to four times a day, or more often if you're taking insulin. The meter can be adjusted to deliver more or less insulin depending on meals, activity level, and blood sugar level. While this technology has not yet completely replaced the glucose meter, it can reduce the number of finger pricks needed to control blood sugar and provide important information on trends in blood sugar levels.Physical activity is an important part of managing diabetes as it helps lower blood sugar by moving sugar to cells, where it is used as energy.
Many people with type 2 diabetes need to be tested once or twice a day to make sure their blood sugar levels are within the target range. In addition to eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly, the treatment plan may include controlling blood sugar with medications such as insulin.If your doctor suspects that you have type 1 diabetes, your blood may also be tested for autoantibodies (substances that indicate that the body is attacking itself), which are usually present in type 1 diabetes but not in type 2 diabetes. Your A1C goal may vary depending on your age and several other factors, such as other medical conditions you may have or your ability to feel when your blood sugar level is low. Healthy lifestyle practices, such as consistent blood sugar control and regular physical activity, can help keep A1C levels low.Insulin cannot be given orally to lower blood sugar because enzymes in the stomach interfere with the action of insulin.
A good night's rest is also important for everyone, but too little sleep can increase blood sugar if you have type 2 diabetes.
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